Thermoelectric cooling is an innovative, energy-efficient cooling technology that utilizes the Peltier effect to transfer heat from one side of a semiconductor module to the other, enabling precise temperature control without the need for conventional refrigerants or compressors. It’s becoming increasingly significant in various applications, from electronic device cooling to medical equipment. This article is a comprehensive guide about thermoelectric coolers, keep reading!

What are Common TEC parameters

Operating Current (I): The electrical current supplied to the thermoelectric cooler, measured in amperes (A), which is necessary for the cooling effect to occur. The operating current affects the cooling capacity and power consumption of the TEC.

Cooling Efficiency: This is often expressed through the Coefficient of Performance (CoP), which is the ratio of the cooling power produced to the electrical power input. A higher CoP indicates more efficien t cooling for the same amount of electrical power used.

Cooling Capacity (Qc): The amount of heat that the TEC can remove from its cold side, measured in watts (W). This is a direct measure of the TEC’s cooling capability.

Temperature Difference (∆T): The difference in temperature between the hot side and the cold side of the thermoelectric cooler, measured in degrees Celsius (°C) or Kelvin (K). This parameter indicates the extent of the cooling effect that can be achieved by the TEC.

Maximum Temperature Difference (∆Tmax): The highest temperature difference that a TEC can achieve under specific conditions, typically specified by the manufacturer.

How to Choose a Thermoelectric Cooler?

1. Heat dissipation methods

Consider the available heat dissipation methods in your system. Are you using air cooling, liquid cooling, or a combination of both? The choice of heat dissipation method will affect the thermoelectric cooler’s performance and the necessary size of the heat sink or radiator.

2. System cooling power requirement

Determine the cooling power needed by calculating the heat generated by your system. This will involve understanding the thermal load and the desired temperature range. The cooling capacity of the thermoelectric cooler module should match or exceed the system’s heat dissipation requirements.

3. Module specification

Review the thermoelectric cooler module specifications, including the number of couples, the maximum current and voltage, and the maximum temperature difference (ΔTmax). The physical dimensions and the electrical characteristics should align with your system’s design and cooling needs.

4. Waterproof and dustproof requirements

If the thermoelectric cooler module will be used in an environment exposed to moisture or dust, ensure it meets the necessary IP ratings for waterproof and dustproof protection. This will help prevent damage and ensure reliable operation in harsh conditions.

5. Other special needs

Consider any additional requirements such as noise levels, vibration, electromagnetic interference (EMI), and the need for precise temperature control. Some applications may require thermoelectric cooler assemblies with specific certifications for medical or beauty industries use.

How to Mount TEC Assemblies Correctly in Your Device？

1. Insulate the Module

Ensure the thermoelectric cooler module is well-insulated to prevent heat from bypassing the cooling elements. Use thermally conductive adhesive or silicone pads to fill any air gaps between the TEC and the device it’s cooling.

2. Secure the TEC

Mount the thermoelectric cooler assembly firmly to prevent vibrations or movement, which can lead to poor thermal contact or mechanical stress. Use appropriate screws and standoffs that do not interfere with the cooling fins or electrical connections.

3. Efficient Heat Dissipation

Design an effective heat sink or use a cooling fan on the hot side of the thermoelectric cooler assembly to dissipate heat. The size and design of the heat sink should match the TEC’s heat dissipation requirements.

4. Wire Management

Properly route the electrical connections to avoid putting stress on the TEC’s leads. Ensure wires are secured and not in contact with heat sources to prevent damage or reduced efficiency.

5. Monitor Temperature

Install temperature sensors to monitor the thermoelectric cooler module’s performance and the temperature of the components it's cooling. This will help in adjusting the TEC’s operation for optimal performance.

6. Test the Assembly

After installation, perform thorough testing to ensure the thermoelectric cooler assembly is operating correctly and efficiently. Check for any hotspots and verify that the temperature readings are within the desired range.

Customization Options Offered by Huajing

Huajing has a diverse range of thermal management solutions, providing customized services to cater to a variety of industrial applications. All of our products are peltier cooling modules. With a variety of cooling modes from Air to Air to Plate to Air, our thermoelectric cooler assemblies utilize the PID algorithm for precise temperature control and support various communication protocols. Also, our Thermoelectric Machine Series provides provides a stable temperature control function, capable of setting the appropriate temperature control performance for different scenarios. What’s more, our thermoelectric coolers cover many scenarios,  including medical, beauty, laser, telecom, unmanned aerial vehicles and so on, satisfying various needs.

Conclusion

To sum up, there are many factors that need to be considered when choosing a thermoelectric cooler. By understanding the TEC’s coefficient of performance, considering the heat sink’s efficiency, and matching the TEC to the application’s thermal load, you can ensure optimal cooling performance. Proper selection and integration are crucial for achieving the desired cooling effect in various applications. If you are finding the perfect thermoelectric cooler, choose Huajing!